Dates - English Civilization

Dates

Margaret Thatcher “the Iron Lady” , TINA (There Is No other Alternative).

• 1959: Member of Parliament for Finchley
• 1974: Education Minister under the Heath government
• 1975-90: Leader of the Conservative Party
• 1979-90: Prime Minister of the United Kingdom  

John Major

• 1990:          Chancellor of the Exchequer

He convinced his colleagues to join the ERM (European Exchange Rate Mechanism)

Gordon Brown 

• 1997-2007: Chancellor of the Exchequer
• 2007-2010: Prime Minister

Tony Blair was PM (1997-2007)

• 1994: became leader of the party
• 1997: he was elected PM

1873 – 1896: The Great Depression

1931: The Statue of Westminster

• 1945-51: Labour Party:

1945: Clement Atlee becomes PM

1947-48: Nationalisation of coal mines + GATT +  railways + NHS

• 1951-64: Conservative Party

1951: Winston Churchill becomes PM                        1955: Anthony Eden becomes PM

1961: National Economic Development Council (NEDC)

• 1964-70: Labour Party

1964: Harold Wilson becomes PM + National Board for Incomes and Prices

1967: devaluation of the pound

• 1970-74: Conservative Party

1970: Edward Heath became PM

1971: 1st  Budget: Reducing state intervention

November 1972: a political U-Turn

1973: Joining the European Common Market 

• 1974-79: Labour Party

1974: Harold Wilson became PM + New social contract

1978-79: The “winter of discontent” 

• 1979 – 90: Conservative Party

1984: Miners' strikes + beginning of privatisation under MT

1990: MT resigned + JM became PM

1992: Black Wednesday + departure from the Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM)

• 1994 – 2007: The New Labour Party

1994: Tony Blair became leader of the party + Change in Clause IV of the British Labour Party Constitution

1997: TB became PM

1997: Devolution of power +The operational independence of the bank of England

1998: The 1st New Deal

1998: A new competition act was passed

1999: A national minimum wage

2000: The set up of The School Academies' Program

Great Depression (1876-1896): British economy began to slow down + unemployment rose

→ Depression in trade and industry

→ Beginning of Protectionism

Keynesianism: Keynes (1883-1946) – General theory of Employment, Interest and Money

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