Abbréviations Latines (document en anglais).

Latin abbreviations

Abbreviation Latin Translation Usage and notes

A.D. anno Domini "in the year of the Lord"[1] Used to label or number years in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. The AD or the Christian calendar era is based on the traditionally reckoned year of the conception or birth of Jesus of Nazareth, with AD counting years after the start of this epoch, and BC denoting years before the start of the epoch.

Example: The United States Civil War began in AD 1861

a.i. ad interim "acting as" Used in business organizational charts

a.m. Ante Meridiem "before midday"[1] Used on the twelve-hour clock to indicate times during the morning.

Example: We will meet the mayor at 10 a.m. (10:00 in 24 hour clock)

c., ca., ca or cca. circa "around", "about", "approximately"[2][3] Used in dates to indicate approximately.

Example: The antique clock is from c.1900.

Cap. capitulus "chapter" Used before a chapter number of laws of the United Kingdom[4] and its (former) colonies.

Example: Electronic Transactions Ordinance (Cap. 553).

cf. confer "bring together" and hence "compare" Confer is the imperative of the Latin verb conferre.[3] Used interchangeably with "cp." in citations indicating the reader should compare a statement with that from the cited source.

Example: These results were similar to those obtained using different techniques (cf. Wilson, 1999 and Ansmann, 1992).

cp. compare Used interchangeably with "cf." in citations indicating the reader should compare a statement with that from the cited source.

Example: These results were similar to those obtained using different techniques (cp. Wilson, 1999 and Ansmann, 1992).

Cp ceteris paribus "all other things equal"

C.V. or CV curriculum vitae "course of life" A document containing a summary or listing of relevant job experience and education. The exact usage of the term varies between British English and American English.

cwt. centum weight "Hundredweight"[1] cwt. uses a mixture of Latin and English abbreviation.

D.V. Deo volente "God willing"

DG, D.G. or DEI GRA Dei gratia "by the grace of God".[1] A part of the monarch's title, it is found on all British and Canadian coins.

ead. eadem see id. below.

et al. et alii "and others", "and co-workers".[1] It can also stand for et alia, "and other things", or et alibi, "and other places".

Example: These results agree with the ones published by Pelon et al. (2002).

etc. et cetera "and the others", "and other things", "and the rest".[1] Other archaic abbreviations include "&c.", "&/c.", "&e.", "&ct.", and "&ca."

Example: I need to go to the store and buy some pie, milk, cheese, etc.

e.g. exempli gratia "for example", "for instance".[1] Example: The shipping company instituted a surcharge on any items weighing over a ton; e.g., a car or truck.

f. (singular)

ff. (plural) folio/foliis "and following" This abbreviation is used in citations to indicate an unspecified number of following pages following, Example: see page 258ff.

ibid. ibidem "in the same place (book, etc.)"[1] The abbreviation is used in citations. It should not be confused with the following abbreviation. It is better pronounced ibídem, with stress on the second -i- (as it was in Latin).

id. idem "the same (man)".[1] It is used to avoid repeating the name of a male author (in citations, footnotes, bibliographies, etc.) When quoting a female author, use the corresponding feminine form, ead. (eadem), "the same (woman)" (eadem is pronounced with stress on the first e-).

i.a. inter alia "among other things".

Example: Ernest Hemingway—author (i.a. 'The Sun Also Rises') and friend.

i.e. id est "that is", "in other words".[1]

Example: For reasons not fully understood there is only a minor PSI contribution to the variable fluorescence emission of chloroplasts (Dau, 1994 [5]), i.e., the PSI fluorescence appears to be independent from the state of its reaction centre (Butler, 1978 [6]).

J.D. Juris Doctor "teacher of law/rights".

lb. libra "scales" Used to indicate the pound (mass).[1]

LL.B. Legum Baccalaureus "bachelor of laws" The "LL." of the abbreviation for the degree is from the genitive plural legum (of lex, legis f., law), thus "LL.B." stands for Legum Baccalaureus in Latin. In the United States it was sometimes erroneously called "Bachelor of Legal Letters" to account for the double "L" (and therefore sometimes abbreviated as "L.L.B.").

M.A. Magister Artium "Master of

...