Advertising

1. How has advertising exploded/changed in the past century?

Shift from newspapers and radio to TV, then to the internet and social media.

• Digital marketing allows targeted advertising using user data.
• Use of influencers and sponsored content is now common.
• Rise of interactive and personalized ads (e.g., on Google or Instagram).
• Globalization allows ads to reach international audiences instantly.

2. Why is advertising considered as legalized lying?

• Many ads exaggerate the truth to sell a product (e.g., "miracle" creams).
• Misleading imagery or language creates unrealistic expectations.
• Some manipulate emotions (fear, happiness, insecurity) to persuade.
• However, not all advertising lies — there are laws and ethical codes.

3. What, if any, are the negative aspects of advertising?

• Promotes overconsumption and materialism.
• Can create insecurity, especially through beauty standards.
• Encourages debt (e.g., credit card, buy-now-pay-later).
• Invasive: pop-ups, spam, data tracking invade privacy.
• Targeting vulnerable people (e.g., children or elderly) can be unethical.

4. Discuss the effects of advertising on children.

• Children are more impressionable and believe ads easily.
• Can encourage unhealthy eating habits (e.g., junk food ads).
• Promotes consumerism from a young age.
• Can influence self-image and self-esteem (e.g., toy or fashion ads)
• Lack of media literacy makes them more vulnerable to manipulation.

5. What are the goals of advertising and how are they accomplished?

• Main goal: to sell a product or service.
• Build brand awareness through repetition and catchy slogans.
• Create an emotional connection with the audience.
• Use celebrity endorsements to gain trust.

• Target specific demographics using data and behavior tracking.

6. How are Dalits treated in Indian society and how could their situation be ameliorated?

• Historically treated as "untouchables" — victims of discrimination and violence.

• Still face social exclusion, especially in rural areas.

• Often limited access to education, jobs, and justice.

• Improvement ideas

• Stronger enforcement of anti-discrimination laws.

• More educational and job quotas (affirmative action).

• Public awareness campaigns to reduce caste-based stigma.

7. How does the patriarchal structure of Indian society affect women?

• Women often expected to marry early and prioritize family.
• Gender inequality in education, employment, and inheritance rights.
• High rates of domestic violence and sexual harassment.

• Limited representation in politics and leadership roles.

Positive change:

• More women in education and workforce.
• Empowerment through social media, NGOs, and legal reforms.

8. Compare Bollywood and Hollywood.

• Bollywood produces more films annually, but lower average budgets.

• Bollywood emphasizes song-and-dance, family, and melodrama.

• Hollywood is more diverse in genres (sci-fi, thriller, etc.).

• Hollywood has more global influence and international actors.

• Bollywood often reflects Indian cultural values; Hollywood is more commercial.

9. What were JFK's goals when he spoke at Rice University in 1962?

• Inspire the American people to support the space race.

• Show commitment to science, innovation, and leadership.

• Compete with the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

• Emphasize that going to space is hard, but worth it: “We choose to go to the moon…”

10. How was JFK's speech a catalyst for space exploration worldwide?

• Motivated the USA to land a man on the Moon by 1969 (Apollo 11).
• Created a sense of urgency and pride around space missions.
• Inspired other countries to invest in space programs.
• Shifted public opinion to support space science and education.

11. How relevant is the idea of colonizing Mars in the future?

• Earth’s resources are limited — Mars could be a backup.
• Technological advances make Mars missions more realistic.
• Challenges: cost, radiation, psychological effects of isolation.
• Ethical question: should we fix Earth first before going to Mars?

12. How does Elon Musk fit into space exploration?

• CEO of SpaceX — major private space company.
• Wants to reduce cost of space travel through reusable rockets (e.g., Falcon 9).
• Goal: colonize Mars with the Starship project.
• Competes and collaborates with NASA.

13. What influence does Elon Musk have on space exploration?

• Revolutionized the industry — made private space missions possible.
• Pushed innovation: reusable rockets, Starlink satellite internet.
• Influences global interest in Mars and space colonization.
• Has inspired a new generation of engineers and space enthusiasts.
• Let me know if you want a short summary or script for the oral part based on these points!

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