Production Chain of Milk in France
Synthèse : Production Chain of Milk in France. Recherche parmi 298 000+ dissertationsPar funckystrat • 11 Février 2021 • Synthèse • 930 Mots (4 Pages) • 336 Vues
Lebouc Charles : 11664673
Production Chain of Milk in France
1) MACRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS OF FRENCH-MILK SECTOR
Political | Economical | Sociological | Technological | Environmental | Legal |
Investment in the local dairy industry: Creation of the Common Agricultural Policy in 1962, introduction of floor prices (with the aim of correctly remunerating producers) Lowest agricultural land rents in Europe | High cost of labour Port infrastructures and efficient export procedures Difficulty with cash flow and debts (breeders and the State) The highest price paid to the producer in the whole of Europe 5 dairy leaders in the world's top 25 Lower concentration in the sector than in some competitor countries Export dynamism Present on the growth markets Major milk productor : Europe's second largest milk producer | Market portfolio diversity = Versatility of supply Second highest population growth rate in Europe Childish image of the product in the consumer's mind Price paid to the highest producers in Europe Controlled feed cost Stable dairy consumption | Production health control Excellence in Dairy Research Market portfolio diversity of Milk based product | Few climatic incidents Low rainfall Seasonality of products | Sanitary control of production High labour cost because of the sanitary mesures (UHT milk for example) |
2) Analysis of the agents that make up the chain and their description
Chain of production of milk :
Before arriving in our supermarkets, and then in our refrigerators, the milk follows a precise path that aims to protect it. As it is a fragile element, to prevent it from curdling, it is pasteurized or sterilized.
STEP 1) Milking
Some farmers specialize in raising dairy cows. These cows are chosen for the quality and quantity of their milk. In France, there are 63,000 independent dairy farmers which have an average of 53 cows.
Milking these cows produces thousands of litres of milk that are collected, refrigerated and analyzed, and sent to the dairies every day. Still fragile, the milk is transported by isothermal tanker truck from the farm to the dairy in order to protect it as much as possible and preserve all its qualities. (from the farmers to the dairy)
For milk collection, cooperative enterprises collect 54% of cow's milk, the remaining 45% is collected by private companies. The French dairy model is mixed: 400 privates companies and 260 cooperatives (like Coeur de Lion, Candia, Entremont, Le Rustique, Mamie Nova, Soignon, Yoplait...) share the market.
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STEP 2) The dairy, centre of milk production
Dairies centralize milk production. They are responsible for the various stages that precede the marketing of the milk and its display in supermarkets and other commercial outlets. True factories, the dairies now comply with strict rules, particularly in terms of hygiene, which enable them to offer quality milk. In France, a dozen companies package drinking milk at some thirty sites throughout the country. In total, the sector represents approximately 24,000 jobs.
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