LA SCOLARISATION

SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION

I-THE CAUSES OF NON-SCHOOLING OF YOUNG GIRLS

II- THE CONSEQUENCES OF GIRLS NOT GOING TO SCHOOL

III- LES ACTIONS  A MENER POUR L’EDUCATION DES JEUNES FILLES

CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION

Worldwide, 132 million girls between the ages of 6 and 17 are out of school, more than 21 times the number of girls in France. However, each year spent in school allows a girl to increase her future income by 10 to 20%, which directly contributes to improving the growth of her country. The education of a girl is recognized as one of the most powerful levers to get out of poverty and to emancipate. Our priority: to act so that millions of girls can go to school. Because educating a girl is allowing her to gain self-confidence, to make her own choices, to have a job to build her future. Thus in our study, we will present the causes and consequences of the non-schooling of girls.

I-THE CAUSES OF NON-SCHOOLING OF YOUNG GIRLS

In 2018, girls remain the first victims of inequality:

    132 million girls aged 6 to 17 are still out of school
    63% of illiterate adults worldwide are women
    1 in 4 girls do not go to school in developing countries
    64 million girls are subjected to forced labor
    12 million girls are forced into marriage each year before the age of 18, or nearly 33,000 girls a day
    Almost 120 million girls, or 1 in 10 girls under the age of 20, have experienced sexual violence.
Girls around the world, and especially in developing countries, continue to be unfairly discriminated against because of their gender. They are deprived of education because they are born "girls". There are many obstacles to their education:

    Cultural traditions - In some societies, girls are seen as a burden on the family. Their education is therefore irrelevant because their destiny is to be married young and to take care of household chores and children.
    Ignorance of laws and the law - Parents, who have sometimes never been to school themselves, do not question the discrimination linked to cultural traditions of not sending girls to school. In some countries, violations of girls' rights are so widespread and standardized that sanctions are rare.
    Poverty - Families in extreme poverty cannot afford their children's school fees, and if they can, they often choose to send boys to study.
    Violence at school and on the way to school - Girls, more than boys, are exposed to mistreatment, physical and moral violence, and sexual abuse at school by educational staff or boys, and on the way to school, which leads many parents to withdraw their daughters from school.
    Menstruation - 1 in 10 girls does not go to school when she has her period because many schools do not offer a place where they can change, or because hygienic protections are expensive and they are forced to stay at home.
    Health risks - Physical and moral exhaustion due to forced labor, recurrent pain due to domestic slavery, early pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections following sexual violence, and female genital mutilation prevent them from having normal schooling.
    Early and forced marriage - Every year around the world, 12 million girls are married before the age of 18. These girls are generally out of school to support their husbands, take care of household chores and children. Forced marriages keep girls in a lower status than men.

    Early pregnancies - They force adolescent girls to leave school. They are the consequence of early and forced marriage, sexual violence and the lack of access to contraception and abortion.
    Lack of birth certificate - Girls without legal identity and without birth certificate cannot enroll in school, take school exams, obtain diplomas and cannot continue their education to the end for claim a job and get out of poverty.
    Trafficking and child labor - Poverty often leads parents to hire or sell their daughters. Considered a charge, these are the first to be used.

    Emergencies - exacerbate girls' vulnerability and discrimination. Schools destroyed by war, conflict or natural disaster make them impassable and dangerous, isolation in the event of an epidemic, precarious refugee camps, deprive girls of education. Families also find themselves in precarious situations that increase the economic pressure on their homes, causing families to marry their daughter or force them to work.

II- THE CONSEQUENCES OF GIRLS NOT GOING TO SCHOOL

Girls' failure to attend school has serious consequences for the lives of each of them, but also for the development of their community and their entire country:

    Girls' non-education keeps them in a lower status than that of boys. A girl who does not go to school will have a harder time making her voice heard. Marginalized, she will not be able to express herself, make decisions that concern her body and her life, vote, actively participate in the decision-making of the society in which she lives and have a role as a free citizen.
    Girls' lack of education does not allow them to get out of poverty. This situation is likely to continue for the next generation because an uneducated girl cannot understand the value of providing her children with quality education. And yet; every year a girl spends in school increases her future income by 10-20%.
    The non-education of girls is a real lack for the development of countries. An additional year of schooling increases a country's annual gross domestic product (GDP) by 0.37%. Girls' limited access to education and barriers to completing 12-year schooling cost countries between $ 15 trillion and $ 30 trillion in lost productivity and lifelong income, according to the World Bank report of July 11, 2018.
    Failure to educate girls poses a significant risk to their health and that of their children. An out-of-school girl will find it more difficult to access and follow prevention and care recommendations and advice for herself and her children. A child born to a mother who can read is 50% more likely to survive after the age of 5.

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