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United Kingdom on Nuclear Weapon

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Delegation of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Position Paper for the General Assembly

The topics before the General Assembly are Towards a Nuclear Weapon Free World: Accelerating Disarmament and Non-Proliferation and Ending the Use of Improvised Explosive Devices, Landmines, Cluster Munitions and Other Explosive. The delegation of the United Kingdom recognizes the need for strong cooperation between all States for a nuclear-free and explosive devices free world so as to secure it. The delegation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is looking forward to discussing these topics at the upcoming conference.

I- Towards a Nuclear Weapon Free World: Accelerating Disarmament and Non-Proliferation

The first functional nuclear weapon was developed within the scope of the Manhattan Project by Oppenheimer during the 1940s. The first and last use was decided by the United States and occurred in 1945 on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. More than 530 000 people were killed, demonstrating to the eyes of the whole world, the immense destructive nature of nuclear weapons. All the more of causing massive, long-lasting and important casualties, detonated nuclear weapons release an utterly high amount of radiation, which affects the health of the environment and the population for years.

Today, according to the Arms Control Association 9 countries are known to possess the nuclear weapon, the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Israel, Pakistan, India, Russia, China, and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. Knowing about the tremendous effects of nuclear weapons, the UN has committed for a nuclear-weapon-free world as well as a goal of non-proliferation. Those goals were established as nuclear weapons are thought to be a threat to a secure world and to the well-being of humanity. In order to fulfill their goals of eradicating nuclear weapons and limiting the creation of more nuclear devices, the UN and States have multiplied efforts and treaties. The most well-known is the Treaty of Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons created in 1968, ratified by every country except India, Israël, Pakistan and South Sudan. Reviewed every 5 years, its ultimate intent is to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and to further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament, which is why the United Kingdom is a party to it. Nationally, the United Kingdom has reduced its nuclear forces by over half from their Cold War peak in the late 1970s, representing only 1% of the total global stockpile of nuclear weapons, the smallest of all the NPT nuclear-weapon states. Besides this main treaty, there are numerous bilateral and regional negotiations such as the Strategic Arms Limitations Talks, as well as Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zones. The United Kingdom strongly supports those zones as they enhance regional and international security.’ All these efforts are considered by the delegation as a huge step forward towards strengthening the cooperation between states for a nuclear-free world.

The delegations of the United Kingdom would like to stress that even though many other treaties have been created since 1945, the proliferation of nuclear weapons is a reality as many countries developed their nuclear research program. The delegation of the United Kingdom firmly believes that the best way to achieve a world without nuclear weapons is through gradual multilateral disarmament negotiated using a step-by-step approach, within existing international frameworks. This is why the delegation of the United Kingdom advocates the need for an intense verification of the nuclear program of States having signed the Non-Proliferation Treaty, as well as the need for the Nuclear States to decrease radically their nuclear arsenal, on the United Kingdom pattern. The United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs (UNODA) would be in charge of these verification missions and should make recommendations on ratifying States that haven’t respected their engagements regarding the art. II of the Non-Proliferation Treaty. The UNODA would also be able to affirm the goal which the nuclear States’ arsenal should reach in a limited time. As the role of the UNODA is crucial, the delegation of the United Kingdom stresses the need to increase its resources to allow it to fulfill its missions, i.e. to ensure a long-lasting international peace.

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