Le racisme aux États-Unis

Racism in the USA

What is Racism ?

Dictionaries define it as : The Belief that one's own ethnic group is superior to others.

Minority groups define it as : Discrimination against ethnic minorities and to maintain advantages and benefits for white Americans.

Introduction :

Slavery is the main cause of the arrival of Africans in the Americas. African Americans have been victims of intolerance, discrimination, segregation and prejudice. In 2014, approximately 39.9 million afro. live in the United States, or 12.9% of the total population.

We ask how the Civil War, organizations, laws, challengers movements accompanied the historic changes for African Americans in the United States since slavery. These claims have yielded rights, but they will change the behavior of white and be enough to improve the living conditions and the social conditions of African Americans?

I) The Past Racism

1) Racism behind the US

Slavery (1609-1808):

The 1st African slaves landed in the early seventeenth century in the English colonies in North America. From 1608 to 1808, a large population of Africans, especially coming from West Africa, was forcibly taken to the mainland to provide a free labor for the colonists. African Americans were the only immigrants who came under duress in the southern states to work in the plantations (cotton, tobacco, sugar cane). The people of the northern states living rather trade and small industry were against slavery. This created two clans, the south and north Confederation Union.

Racial segregation in the United States began in the 1860s during the American Civil War, which opposes the Northern States, supporters of the abolition of slavery in the South, using black slaves. After many battles between the two clans who caused the death of more than 600,000 Americans are northerners who eventually prevail in 1865. Thus, the abolition of slavery was proclaimed and the citizen status is granted Black Americans. For a decade we noticed an improvement in the social and political life of African Americans, however further violence and persecution arose against them.

Which promotes the growth of racism against black Americans and the organistaions development as the Ku Klux Klan.

The Ku Klux Klan is an organization founded in 1865 in the United States, who feels a deep hatred against blacks in particular, and proclaiming the supremacy of the "white race". The members of the Ku Klux Klan are also against the Republicans. They still hold sometimes strange ceremonies, especially in the southern United States. Wearing white hoods, they burned the night of huge cross and brandishing flaming torches.

On the other hand, laws are passed in the South and promote racial segregation. The former southern states introduce from 1876 Jim Crow laws that distinguish citizens according to their "racial" affiliation. They set the segregation in all public places and services. The most important were introducing segregation in schools and in most public services, including trains

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