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Par   •  11 Décembre 2017  •  Analyse sectorielle  •  723 Mots (3 Pages)  •  898 Vues

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Financial analysis

Road map to organise a company analysis or comparison between two competitors

Financial statement analysis is a judgmental process. One of the primary objectives is identification of major changes in trends, and relationships and the investigation of the reasons underlying those changes. The judgment process can be improved by experience and the use of analytical tools. Probably the most widely used financial analysis technique is ratio analysis, the analysis of relationships between two or more line items on the financial statement. Financial ratios are usually expressed in percentage or times. Generally, financial ratios are calculated for the purpose of evaluating aspects of a company's operations and fall into the following categories:

  • Liquidity ratios measure a firm's ability to meet its current obligations.
  • Profitability ratios measure management's ability to control expenses and to earn a return on the resources committed to the business.
  • Leverage ratios measure the degree of protection of suppliers of long-term funds and can also aid in judging a firm's ability to raise additional debt and its capacity to pay its liabilities on time.
  • Efficiency, activity or turnover ratios provide information about management's ability to control expenses and to earn a return on the resources committed to the business.

Step one: first glance: presentation

Sources

History

Company’s presentation

Annual report

Tools

Breakdown of sales

By activity

By market

Breakdown of ownership

Targets

To size the company

To understand business model

To appreciate level of competition

Entry barriers?

Global or local ?

Good times or bad times (crisis impact?)

Difficulties

More qualitative than quantitative

vision

Step two : global visions around global figures

Sources

Mainly Key figures

Sales, income before or after tax; total assets, shareholder’s funds,

Number of employees

Tools , ratios & KPI

Change in sales

(fixed)Asset turnover

ROA

ROS

ROE

Asset per employee

Sales per employee

Provided by

Osiris

No

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Targets

To appreciate growth

To appreciate efficiency

Economic profitability

Commercial performance

Financial performance

Business model

Global Productivity

Workforce evolution

Step 3 : balance sheet and risk analysis

Sources

Balance sheet

Balance sheet in %

Cash flow

statement

Tools & ratios & KPI

Balance sheer components

Average Depreciation rate of fixed assets

WC calculation

Stock in days of sale

Receivable  in days

Payable in days

WC in day of sales

NWC or NCA

Global leverage

Gearing

Current ratio

Acid test ratio (quick)

NCA, WC , CASH

relationship

Provided by

Osiris

N

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

Partially

Targets

To understand more what is employed by the business

To appreciate Age & renew of Fixed Assets

To appreciate requirement of business cycle

 Relative volume of stocks & trend

Relative volume of delay of payments, trends

Relative volume of payable and trends

Global vision of capital employed by the cycle

Financing policy, mix of equity to debt, financial structure…

Capability to pay short debt

More meaningful liquidity ratio

Global vision of financial equilibrium

(WC per osiris is only commercial WC)

...

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